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1、屠宰废水污染现状

屠(tu)宰(zai)废(fei)水(shui)主要来自畜牧、禽(qin)类、鱼(yu)类等宰(zai)杀行业。随着(zhe)近几十(shi)年(nian)来人民生活(huo)水(shui)平的(de)提高，屠(tu)宰(zai)行业达到(dao)了(le)前所未(wei)有的(de)扩大与发展，废(fei)水(shui)排(pai)(pai)放量也不(bu)断加大。统计(ji)显(xian)示(shi)，我国仅宰(zai)猪行业就有1000多家，年(nian)排(pai)(pai)放废(fei)水(shui)总量达3亿(yi)立方米左右，约(yue)占(zhan)全国工(gong)业废(fei)水(shui)排(pai)(pai)放量的(de)6%。

2、屠宰废水特点

废水特点如下：

废水主要成分有(you)动物血污、油脂、粪(fen)便、内脏残屑和无机盐等。

（1）高COD,一般达到2000mg/L以上；

（2）高SS，主要(yao)含有(you)大量猪(zhu)鬃等悬浮物(wu)；

（3）高氨(an)氮，动物(wu)粪水、动物(wu)蛋白(bai)质(zhi)含有大(da)量氨(an)氮；

（4）高油脂，屠宰过程产生大量动(dong)物油脂。

3、屠宰废水处理技术

在(zai)屠(tu)宰(zai)废(fei)水(shui)处(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)艺(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)中(zhong)，好氧(yang)(yang)处(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)和厌(yan)氧(yang)(yang)处(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)以及(ji)化(hua)学絮(xu)凝处(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)各(ge)有其优(you)缺点(dian)，一(yi)般在(zai)处(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)较(jiao)低浓(nong)度(CODcr≤1000mg/L)屠(tu)宰(zai)废(fei)水(shui)时(shi)，可(ke)直接采用生(sheng)物(wu)(wu)处(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)，这样可(ke)在(zai)保(bao)(bao)证(zheng)处(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)效果的条(tiao)件下，缩短处(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)流(liu)程，节(jie)省基建(jian)费用;在(zai)处(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)较(jiao)高浓(nong)度(CODcr>1000mg/L)的屠(tu)宰(zai)废(fei)水(shui)时(shi)，几种(zhong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)艺(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)的组合使(shi)用可(ke)确(que)保(bao)(bao)废(fei)水(shui)处(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)达标(biao)。如(ru)水(shui)解好氧(yang)(yang)生(sheng)物(wu)(wu)处(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)艺(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程投资仅为(wei)同等规模活性污(wu)泥法的70%，占地减少20%，处(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)成(cheng)本降低42%。国内(nei)已使(shi)用的组合工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)艺(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)有:酸化(hua)-SBR工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)艺(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)，酸化(hua)-AB法，酸化(hua)-生(sheng)物(wu)(wu)接触氧(yang)(yang)化(hua)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)艺(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)，UASB-AF工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)艺(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)，厌(yan)氧(yang)(yang)-过滤(lv)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)艺(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)，射流(liu)曝气-生(sheng)物(wu)(wu)接触氧(yang)(yang)化(hua)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)艺(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)，厌(yan)氧(yang)(yang)塘(tang)(tang)-兼氧(yang)(yang)塘(tang)(tang)-好氧(yang)(yang)塘(tang)(tang)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)艺(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)，兼氧(yang)(yang)-AB法，化(hua)学混凝-生(sheng)物(wu)(wu)处(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)艺(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)等。处(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)艺(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)的优(you)化(hua)组合有利(li)于各(ge)种(zhong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)艺(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)扬长避(bi)短，保(bao)(bao)证(zheng)出(chu)水(shui)水(shui)质。